One of the nodal influences on the crime film is without question the work of Parisian Jean Pierre Melville. Channelling the iconography and milieu of the Warner Brother crime films of the 1930’s such as ‘Little Caesar‘, ‘The Public Enemy‘ ,’The Roaring Twenties‘ and just about anything starring George Raft, James Cagney or Edward G. Robinson, Melville forged his own hermetically sealed celluloid world of trench coated imperturbable gangsters, of reticently executed robberies and bewitching mobster molls through a number of hugely admired Gallic crime films from the mid 1950’s to the early 1970’s.
There are two strands to Melville’s career, roughly divided to either the war films set against the backdrop of occupied France during WWII (in which he fought and was a decorated member of the resistance) or his dispassionate crime epics, both strands of which examine codes of honour and tradition, trust and betrayal on both sides of the law or warring countries. I’ve seen a few of the war films and they are good bit I’ll be concentrating on the crime films as they are far more up my alley and will make my research more appealing.
‘Bob Le Flambeur‘ – Whilst Claude Chabrol admired it for its imperfections and meandering drift, Melville’s first film was a revelation of the crime sodden Montmartre sectors of Paris, a ethical hangover from the occupation which ceased only five years earlier. Bob is a professional gambler, a card sharp whose luck appears to be running away from him. In a final act of desperation, Bob plans a audacious robbery of one of his favored casinos despite the police being almost certainly aware of his futile scheme.
You can clearly see the origin of Melville’s style here. It has the dispassionate, prepotent criminals facing off against the tenaciously professional police battling within the murky area where both opponents modus operandi intertwine. It’s all shot in a rather flat downbeat monochrome fashion with the sparse minimalist dialogue signaling the protagonists emotional vacuum – there is only the job, the work which defines these men. It’s not clear exactly where and why the heist is occurring until the final act which has drawn some criticism but that seems an ideal tactic to me, it builds interest and suspense until the project nears its final dramatic stages. This is a entertaining little film and I recommend it along with Neil Jordans remake ‘The Good Thief‘ with Nick Nolte - it’s not as good but remains a competent enough little thriller.
‘Le Doulos‘ – Fantastic stuff. If ‘Bob le Flambeur’ was Melville finding his feet and his way around a camera and actors, it didn’t take him long to build and expand his own unique world which on reflection look like they’ve all been shot at the same time, both the colour and black and white pictures. During an three minute opening dolly we are sucked again into Melville idiosyncratic world with the character of Maurice marched imperviously through his stark urban landscape. The film charts the actions of Maurice and Silien (Jean Paul Belmondo) as they navigate the Paris underworld, evading and perpetuating a series of double crosses leaving the audience uncertain as to who they are rooting for, who is winning and what the prize is. Melville wades further into psychological waters with this one, the world is more sparse and minimalist than ‘Bob Le Flambeur’ with the adherence to ethics and loyalty in a godless universe proving ultimately hollow and hopeless. That’s not to say its depressing, it’s entertaining to watch these marionettes dance toward their inevitable demise, the journey not the destination being the attraction. Solid genre fun.
‘Le Samourai‘ – I had seen this before, way back in the ‘Moviedrome’ era but a repeat look was more than worthwhile. As it is not out on DVD and is only available on video at some ludicrous prices so I had to resort to some shall we say less orthodox methods to conduct a viewing. This is probably Melvilles best film with a career best Alain Delon as our antihero this time round, a cool hitman whose sole purpose is to maintain alignment with his internal code of honor, an ideology identical to the ancient bushido philosophy.
I loved this, the first colour film of the bunch with the style remaining subdued and deflated. For me its the quintessence of Melvilles approach with the actual narrative and frankly Delon is simply super fucking cool. Amongst other indomitable tough guys of the screen such as Toshiro Mifune, Lee Marvin or Robert Mitchum Delon stands tall in the Parisian corner giving the Americans a run for their money. One of these guys unarmed could take on a battalion of Matt Damon’s and and still emerge victorious.
‘Un Flic‘ – As his last film it’s interesting to compare this with Melville’s debut and see just how his cinema has evolved. Where ‘Bob’ was at times playful and almost flippant, by the release of ‘Un Flic’ every frame almost sudders with existentialist dread. As in ‘Le Samourai’ the players move through the action like autominon, in this case leading with Delon who has moved to the other side of the law and plays a cop intent on bringing down a ruthless gang who stage a defiant robbery during the films opening. Delon is also attempting to break a drug cartel and retain the affections of his girlfriend (Catherine Denevue), a ambiguous figure who is also his main suspects mistress. Tricky.
Catherine Denevue has never been more aloof or glacial, yet unattainably alluring (I also recommend this fantastic film by Truffaut which stars Denevue, it’s Truffauts tribute to Hitchcock which of course makes it unmissable). It is interesting to compare ‘Un Flic’, Melville’s final film with his first, the reductive techniques pervading every frame with absolutely no extraneous material, from dialogue and costume right down to props and make-up. It encapsulates that particular European nihilism so prevalent in Melvilles films and serves as an apt final film.
Anyone who likes Scorsese’s crime films, Michael Mann’s epic canvases or Tarantino’s bloody extravaganzas (that is before he went off to plunder Asian cinema) should catch up on the work of Melville. His penchant for monochrome location photography and almost playful adoption of the iconography of the Hollywood crime genre locates Melville as a pivotal precursor of the French New Wave who in turn where adopted by the Hollywood Brats in the 70’s. What goes around, comes around….










































